3GPP Explainer

3GPP Interfaces

Comprehensive guide to 3GPP network interfaces and reference points that enable communication between different network elements in mobile networks.

5G Interfaces

N1
5G

Interface between UE and AMF

Protocol
NAS (Non-Access Stratum)

Purpose

Registration, authentication, session management

N2
5G

Interface between gNB and AMF

Protocol
NGAP (NG Application Protocol)

Purpose

Control plane signaling, mobility management

N3
5G

Interface between gNB and UPF

Protocol
GTP-U (GPRS Tunneling Protocol User Plane)

Purpose

User plane data transport

N4
5G

Interface between SMF and UPF

Protocol
PFCP (Packet Forwarding Control Protocol)

Purpose

Session establishment and modification

N6
5G

Interface between UPF and Data Network

Protocol
IP

Purpose

Data connectivity to external networks

4G Interfaces

S1-MME
4G

Interface between eNB and MME

Protocol
S1AP (S1 Application Protocol)

Purpose

Control plane signaling

S1-U
4G

Interface between eNB and S-GW

Protocol
GTP-U

Purpose

User plane data transport

S11
4G

Interface between MME and S-GW

Protocol
GTP-C (Control Plane)

Purpose

Session management and mobility

Interface Categories

Control Plane

Interfaces carrying signaling and control information for network management, mobility, and session control.

N1
N2
S1-MME

User Plane

Interfaces carrying actual user data traffic between network elements and external data networks.

N3
N6
S1-U

Management

Interfaces for network function management, policy control, and service orchestration.

N4
SBI
S11
Online